What symptom is associated with renal calculi?

The symptom associated with renal calculi, or kidney stones, is sudden severe pain. This intense pain is often described as colicky and can occur in the lower back or flank area, radiating towards the abdomen and groin. It is a result of the stone obstructing the urinary tract, which creates pressure and irritation in the surrounding tissues. The pain can come in waves and may be accompanied by symptoms such as hematuria (blood in the urine) or nausea.

The other options are not typical symptoms of renal calculi. Swelling in the abdomen is more indicative of other conditions, such as gastrointestinal issues or fluid retention. A rash on the extremities could point to allergic reactions or infections rather than kidney stones. Nasal congestion is unrelated and typically associated with respiratory conditions or allergies.