What is the procedure to test for Kernig's sign?

The procedure to test for Kernig's sign involves flexing the hip to a 90-degree angle and then extending the knee while maintaining hip flexion. This testing method is used primarily to assess for meningeal irritation, which can occur in conditions such as meningitis. When the knee is extended, if there is pain or resistance due to meningeal irritation, it typically indicates a positive Kernig's sign.

The underlying rationale is that when the meninges are inflamed or irritated, certain movements can reproduce discomfort due to the tension on the spinal cord and associated nerves. A positive result can be a key piece of diagnostic information in evaluating meningeal conditions. Understanding the mechanics of this test is crucial for accurately assessing neurological function and identifying potential serious conditions requiring timely intervention.