What is an aneurysm?

An aneurysm is defined as an excessive localized enlargement of an artery, which occurs due to the weakening of the artery wall. This weakening can be the result of various factors, including high blood pressure, atherosclerosis (the buildup of plaque in the artery walls), or genetic conditions that affect connective tissues. As the wall weakens, it can bulge outward, creating a pouch-like structure that can grow over time.

If the aneurysm becomes large enough, it poses a risk of rupture, leading to potentially life-threatening internal bleeding. Understanding that an aneurysm is specifically an enlargement rather than other issues, such as swelling from clots or narrowing of arteries, helps clarify its distinct nature in pathology. This knowledge is crucial for recognizing the signs and risks associated with this condition in a clinical setting.