What is a primary consequence of untreated hypertension?

The primary consequence of untreated hypertension, or high blood pressure, is the increased risk of heart attacks and strokes. Hypertension places excessive strain on the cardiovascular system, leading to several potential complications. Over time, high blood pressure can cause damage to the arteries, making them stiff and narrow, a process known as atherosclerosis. This condition can lead to the formation of clots or plaques in the blood vessels, which significantly raises the risk of a heart attack when blood flow to the heart is obstructed.

Additionally, untreated hypertension can contribute to the weakening of blood vessels in the brain, which can result in a stroke if the blood supply is interrupted. These two conditions—heart attacks and strokes—are among the most serious consequences of persistent high blood pressure, ultimately leading to significant morbidity and mortality if left unaddressed.

The other options are not aligned with the pathophysiological effects of untreated hypertension, as hypertension does not lead to increased energy levels, better digestion, or improved sleep patterns. Instead, individuals may experience fatigue, digestive issues, and sleep disturbances as a result of the stress on their bodies caused by high blood pressure.