What condition occurs when the ovary or fallopian tubes twist?

The condition that occurs when the ovary or fallopian tubes twist is known as torsion in the female reproductive system. This medical emergency, often referred to as ovarian torsion, typically involves the twisting of the ovary on its supporting ligaments, which can lead to a decrease in blood flow to the affected area. If not treated promptly, this condition can result in tissue necrosis, severe pain, and potential loss of the ovary.

Understanding the nature of this condition is crucial, as it presents with acute abdominal or pelvic pain and requires immediate medical attention. Recognizing the symptoms early can improve outcomes significantly, making awareness of ovarian torsion vital for healthcare providers.

Other conditions listed, such as ovarian cysts, endometriosis, and pelvic inflammatory disease, have different pathophysiological mechanisms and symptoms and do not involve the twisting of the reproductive structures. Ovarian cysts may cause discomfort or complications but are distinct from torsion. Endometriosis involves the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, and pelvic inflammatory disease is an infection of the female reproductive organs that also does not involve twisting.