What are the signs and symptoms of heat cramps?

The signs and symptoms of heat cramps typically include cramping of larger muscles and lightheadedness. Heat cramps occur due to excessive loss of electrolytes, particularly sodium and potassium, through sweating while working or exercising in hot conditions. This results in painful muscle contractions, primarily affecting the larger muscles such as those in the legs, abdomen, and shoulders.

In addition to the muscle cramps, affected individuals may also experience lightheadedness, which can stem from dehydration and the body’s difficulty in maintaining blood volume and blood pressure in extreme heat. This combination of symptoms is a clear indicator of heat cramps and requires prompt attention, usually in the form of hydration and electrolyte replacement to relieve the cramps and prevent progression to more severe heat-related illnesses.